2020

도 로 설 계 요 령

AN01145-000145-12

발 간 등 록 번 호

제2권 토공 및 배수

 

제1권 도로 계획 및 기하구조

제 1 편 총론

제 2 편 도로 계획

제 3 편 도로 기하구조

제 3-1 편 본선

제 3-2 편 영업소

제 4 편 출입시설

제4권 터널

제 9 편 터널

제 9-1 편 터널 본체

제 9-2 편 터널 환기

제 9-3 편 터널 조명

제 9-4 편 터널 방재

제2권 토공 및 배수

제 5 편 토공

제 6 편 배수시설

제 7 편 암거

제5권 포장, 도로 안전 ․ 부대시설

및 환경

제 10 편 포장

제 11 편 안전시설

제 12 편 부대시설

제 13 편 도로건설과 환경영향

제 14 편 방음시설

제 15 편 환경친화적 도로 건설

제 16 편 도로 경관

제3권 교량

제 8 편 교량

제 8-1 편 교량 계획

제 8-2 편 교량 상부 구조물

제 8-3 편 교량 하부 구조물

제 8-4 편 내진 설계

제 8-5 편 교량 부대시설물

제 8-6 편 교량의 확폭

제 8-7 편 옹벽

제 8-8 편 가설 구조물

총∣목∣차

 

토공 및 배수

제5편 토공

제6편 배수시설

제7편 암거

제2권

 

목 차

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목 차

제5편 토공

1. 개요 ························································································································3

1.1 적 용 ····························································································································3

1.2 기본방침 ·······················································································································3

1.3 토공부의 구성 ··············································································································6

1.3.1 토공부의 명칭과 표준구성 ······················································································6

1.3.2 토공 각부의 정의와 기능 ·······················································································8

2. 토공계획 ·················································································································9

2.1 토공 계획의 흐름 ·········································································································9

2.2 토공계획의 일반사항 ···································································································11

2.2.1 노선의 선정 ···········································································································11

2.2.2 토량의 배분 ···········································································································14

2.2.3 공사용 도로 계획 ··································································································21

2.2.4 토취장 계획 ···········································································································25

2.2.5 사토장 계획 ···········································································································27

2.2.6 지반조사 계획 ·······································································································28

2.3 토공 준비 ···················································································································33

2.3.1 준비공 ····················································································································33

2.3.2 준비 배수 ··············································································································34

2.3.3 벌개제근 ················································································································36

2.3.4 구조물 및 지장물 제거 ·························································································37

2.4 설계 유의사항 ············································································································38

2.4.1 땅깎기 ····················································································································38

2.4.2 흙쌓기 ····················································································································39

2.4.3 옹벽 ·······················································································································40

2.4.4 암거 ·······················································································································40

2.4.5 가설구조물 ·············································································································41

2.4.6 토량의 배분 ···········································································································41

제2권 토공 및 배수

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2.5 환경친화적 도로설계기법 ····························································································42

2.5.1 회피 ·······················································································································42

2.5.2 완화 ·······················································································································42

3. 흙 및 암의 분류 ···································································································46

3.1 분류 목적과 적용 ·······································································································46

3.1.1 분류 목적 ··············································································································46

3.1.2 분류의 적용 ···········································································································46

3.2 흙의 분류 ···················································································································47

3.3 암의 분류 ···················································································································49

3.3.1 암석의 분류 ···········································································································49

3.3.2 암반의 분류 ···········································································································51

3.4 토사, 리핑암, 발파암의 분류 ······················································································54

3.5 설계에 사용하는 토질정수 ··························································································59

3.6 토량변화율 ··················································································································62

4. 노 체 ····················································································································63

4.1 설계 기본사항 ············································································································63

4.1.1 기초지반 및 흙쌓기 재료의 특성 파악 ································································63

4.1.2 현장 내에서 발생한 흙의 유용 ············································································63

4.1.3 박층 포설 및 다짐 ································································································64

4.1.4 지하배수 및 공사 중의 표면 배수처리 ································································64

4.1.5 기상과 토질 ···········································································································65

4.2 흙쌓기 비탈면 ············································································································65

4.2.1 설계 일반사항 ·······································································································65

4.2.2 흙쌓기 기본 구조 ··································································································65

4.2.3 흙쌓기 비탈면 경사 ······························································································66

4.2.4 소단 ·······················································································································68

4.2.5 흙쌓기 비탈면의 시공 ···························································································68

4.3 흙쌓기의 안정 검토 및 대책 ······················································································70

4.3.1 안정 검토를 필요로 하는 흙쌓기 ·········································································70

4.3.2 흙쌓기부의 안정 검토 ···························································································71

4.3.3 배수처리 대책 ·······································································································80

4.3.4 높은 흙쌓기 ···········································································································86

4.4 노체 재료의 품질 및 다짐 ··························································································88

목 차

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4.4.1 최대 크기 ··············································································································88

4.4.2 수정 CBR ··············································································································89

4.4.3 다짐도 ····················································································································90

4.5 경사 지반상의 흙쌓기 ·································································································94

4.5.1 층따기 ····················································································································94

4.5.2 한쪽깎기 · 한쪽쌓기부 ···························································································95

4.5.3 땅깎기 흙쌓기 경계부 ···························································································96

4.6 노체의 품질관리 ·········································································································97

4.6.1 선정 시험 ··············································································································97

4.6.2 관리 시험 ··············································································································98

4.6.3 규격 관리 ··············································································································98

5. 노 상 ····················································································································99

5.1 설계 기본사항 ············································································································99

5.1.1 노상 상면의 처짐 ··································································································99

5.1.2 노상 재료 및 구성의 검토 ···················································································99

5.1.3 노상의 최대 두께 ································································································101

5.1.4 노상의 횡단경사 ·································································································101

5.2 노상 재료의 품질 및 다짐 ························································································102

5.2.1 재료의 품질 ········································································································102

5.2.2 다짐도 ·················································································································102

5.3 땅깎기부 노상 ··········································································································106

5.3.1 암반에 있는 노상 ································································································106

5.3.2 토사 지반에 있는 노상 ·······················································································107

5.4 노상의 안정처리 ·······································································································108

5.4.1 시공 방법 ············································································································108

5.4.2 첨가재 및 첨가량의 선정 ···················································································108

5.5 노상의 품질관리 ·······································································································110

5.5.1 선정시험 ············································································································110

5.5.2 관리시험 ··············································································································110

5.5.3 규격관리 ············································································································110

6. 구조물 뒤채움 ·····································································································112

6.1 설계 기본사항 ··········································································································112

6.2 구조물 뒤채움재료의 품질 및 다짐 ··········································································113

제2권 토공 및 배수

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6.3 뒤채움 표준 구조 ·····································································································119

6.3.1 암거 구조물 ········································································································119

6.3.2 교대 구조물 ········································································································121

6.3.3 옹벽 구조물 ········································································································122

6.3.4 지중 라멘(RAHMEN) 구조물 ·············································································123

6.4 구조물 뒤채움 충격완화재 ························································································124

6.5 구조물 뒤채움부의 배수 ···························································································125

6.5.1 지하배수공 ··········································································································125

6.5.2 종배수재 ··············································································································126

7. 땅깎기 비탈면 ·····································································································127

7.1 설계 기본사항 ··········································································································127

7.2 땅깎기 비탈면 설계 순서 ·························································································127

7.3 땅깎기 비탈면의 지반조사 · 시험 ··············································································129

7.3.1 조사 · 시험의 목적 ······························································································129

7.3.2 조사 · 시험의 과정 ······························································································130

7.3.3 조사 · 시험의 항목 ······························································································130

7.3.4 조사 · 시험의 방법 ······························································································132

7.3.5 대규모 땅깎기 비탈면 및 암반 비탈면 조사방법 ··············································135

7.3.6 비탈면 연장, 형상별 조사 빈도 ·········································································141

7.3.7 붕괴성 요인을 가지는 원지반 지반조사 시 유의사항 ·······································141

7.4 조사 및 시험 방법 일반 ···························································································144

7.4.1 시추조사 ··············································································································144

7.4.2 시험굴 시험 ········································································································146

7.4.3 지표지질조사 ·······································································································146

7.4.4 물리탐사 ··············································································································147

7.5 땅깎기 비탈면 경사 ··································································································149

7.5.1 표준 비탈면 경사 ································································································149

7.5.2 붕괴성 요인을 갖는 지질의 비탈면 경사 ··························································152

7.6 땅깎기 비탈면의 안정해석방법 ·················································································156

7.6.1 안전율 ·················································································································156

7.6.2 토층 및 풍화암 비탈면 안정 검토 ·····································································159

7.6.3 암반 비탈면 안정 검토 ·······················································································161

7.7 땅깎기부 암발파공법 및 적용 기준 ··········································································165

7.7.1 설계 기본사항 ·····································································································165

목 차

ix

7.7.2 땅깎기부 암발파 설계 흐름도 ············································································166

7.7.3 발파 소음 · 진동 규제기준 ··················································································167

7.7.4 규제법의 기준을 고려한 발파설계 ·····································································169

7.7.5 발파공법별 비교 ·································································································177

7.7.6 발파공법 적용기준 ······························································································178

7.7.7 표준발파공법 패턴별 특성 ··················································································178

7.7.8 표준발파공법별 분류기준 ···················································································179

7.7.9 표준발파공법 및 진동규제기준별 적용되는 이격거리(m) ·································180

7.8 소단 ·························································································································181

7.9 비탈면의 라운딩 ·······································································································182

7.10 땅깎기 비탈의 표면수 및 용수의 처리 ···································································183

7.11 대규모 땅깎기 비탈면 ····························································································185

7.12 암파쇄 방호시설 ·····································································································187

7.12.1 개요 ···················································································································187

7.12.2 설치 기준 ··········································································································187

7.12.3 뒤채움 높이 ······································································································190

7.12.4 간격 유지재 ······································································································191

7.12.5 토류판 ···············································································································192

7.12.6 방호시설 설치 이격거리 ···················································································192

7.13 땅깎기 비탈면 관리방안 ·························································································193

7.13.1 땅깎기 비탈면 관리 ························································································193

7.13.2 비탈면 시공 전 검토사항 ·················································································193

7.13.3 비탈면 시공 중 검토사항 ·················································································194

8. 비탈면 보호 및 보강공 ························································································195

8.1 설계 기본사항 ··········································································································195

8.2 비탈면 보호 및 보강공 선정 ····················································································197

8.3 비탈면 보호공 ··········································································································198

8.3.1 식생공 ·················································································································198

8.3.2 구조물에 의한 보호공 ·························································································218

8.4 비탈면 보강공 ··········································································································228

8.4.1 앵커공 ·················································································································228

8.4.2 록볼트공 ··············································································································231

8.4.3 네일공 ·················································································································232

8.4.4 억지말뚝공 ··········································································································234

제2권 토공 및 배수

x

8.5 기타 비탈면공 ··········································································································236

8.5.1 비탈면 돌망태공(gabion) ···················································································236

8.5.2 보강토 공법 ········································································································237

9. 토석류 대책시설 ··································································································241

9.1 설계 기본사항 ··········································································································241

9.2 토석류 설계를 위한 조사 ·························································································243

9.3 토석류 발생 가능 구간 선정 ····················································································244

9.4 토석류 규모 산정 ·····································································································246

9.5 토석류 대책시설 ·······································································································253

9.6 토석류 대책시설의 유지관리 ·····················································································258

9.7 토석류 대책시설의 점검 및 관리방안 ·······································································259

9.7.1 점검 방안 ············································································································259

9.7.2 관리 방안 ············································································································260

10. 산사태 및 급경사지 관리대책 ············································································261

10.1 설계 기본사항 ········································································································261

10.2 산사태 발생 우려지역 지정 및 관리 ······································································263

10.2.1 산사태 발생 우려지역 조사 ··············································································263

10.2.2 산사태 발생 우려지역 판정 기준 ·····································································264

10.3 재해예방 및 검토사항 ····························································································268

10.3.1 공통사항 ············································································································268

10.3.2 깎기비탈면 ········································································································268

10.3.3 옹벽, 석축 등 토류구조물 ················································································268

10.4 보수 · 보강공법 ·······································································································269

10.4.1 보수 · 보강공법 선정 시 고려사항 ···································································269

10.4.2 보수 · 보강 공법 ·······························································································270

11. 낙석방지시설 ·····································································································273

11.1 설계 기본사항 ········································································································273

11.2 낙석방지시설의 기능 및 종류 ·················································································275

11.2.1 낙석방지시설의 기능 ························································································275

11.2.2 낙석방지시설의 종류 ························································································275

목 차

xi

11.3 선정 시 고려사항 ···································································································282

11.4 낙석방지시설 설치기준 ···························································································287

11.4.1 낙석방지울타리 ·································································································287

11.4.2 낙석방지망 ········································································································294

11.4.3 낙석방지옹벽 ·····································································································296

11.4.4 피암터널 ············································································································296

11.5 구조 및 재료 ··········································································································299

11.5.1 낙석방지울타리 ·································································································299

11.5.2 낙석방지망 ········································································································302

11.6 유지관리 ·················································································································307

11.6.1 유지관리 점검 ···································································································308

11.6.2 유지보수 ············································································································309

12. 비탈면 내진설계 기준 ·······················································································310

12.1 설계 기본사항 ········································································································310

12.2 비탈면의 내진등급 및 성능목표 ·············································································311

12.2.1 비탈면의 내진등급 ····························································································311

12.2.2 내진성능목표 ·····································································································313

12.3 설계 지반운동의 결정 ····························································································314

12.3.1 지반가속도계수 결정 ························································································314

12.3.2 내진설계를 위한 조사 ······················································································319

12.4 비탈면 내진설계 ·····································································································325

12.4.1 일반사항 ············································································································325

12.4.2 내진설계 절차 ···································································································325

12.4.3 액상화 검토 ······································································································327

12.4.4 지진 시 비탈면 안정 해석 ···············································································330

13. 유지관리를 위한 비탈면 대책 ············································································340

13.1 비탈면 화재 방지 대책 ···························································································340

13.1.1 목적 ···················································································································340

13.1.2 대책 장소의 선정 ·····························································································340

13.1.3 비탈면 화재 방지공 ··························································································341

13.2 깎기 비탈면 점검시설 ····························································································342

13.2.1 목적 ···················································································································342

13.2.2 비탈면 점검시설의 종류 ···················································································342

제2권 토공 및 배수

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13.2.3 비탈면 점검 승강시설 ······················································································343

13.2.4 비탈면 점검 안전난간 ······················································································345

13.3 쌓기 비탈면 점검시설 ····························································································346

13.3.1 목적 ···················································································································346

13.3.2 점검로 설치방안 ·······························································································346

13.3.2 점검로 형식 ······································································································346

14. 연약지반 상의 흙쌓기 ·······················································································347

14.1 설계 기본사항 ········································································································347

14.2 우리나라의 연약지반 ······························································································350

14.3 흙쌓기 시 공학적인 문제점 ····················································································353

14.4 흙쌓기 설계 및 시공 단계별 착안 사항 ·································································355

14.5 연약지반의 지반조사 ······························································································358

14.5.1 조사 방법 ··········································································································358

14.5.2 조사 결과의 정리 ·····························································································361

14.5.3 연약지반 특성분석 ····························································································364

14.6 제체의 안정 검토 ···································································································370

14.6.1 안정 검토의 기본 개념 ·····················································································370

14.6.2 안정 계산 ··········································································································370

14.7 제체의 침하 검토 ···································································································374

14.7.1 침하 검토의 기본 개념 ·····················································································374

14.7.2 침하량 예측의 문제점 ······················································································374

14.7.3 잔류침하량 ········································································································375

14.7.4 침하의 추정방법과 적용 ···················································································376

14.7.5 측방유동 검토 ···································································································379

14.8 대책공법 ·················································································································380

14.8.1 대책공법의 선정 ·······························································································380

14.8.2 주요 공법의 설계 방법 ·····················································································383

14.8.3 장기침하 대책 ···································································································413

14.9 현장 계측 ···············································································································416

14.9.1 현장 계측의 목적 ·····························································································416

14.9.2 계측 계획 ··········································································································417

14.9.3 제체의 안정 관리 ·····························································································420

14.9.4 제체의 침하 관리 ·····························································································423

14.9.5 복구 대책 ··········································································································424

목 차

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제6편 배수시설

1. 개요 ····················································································································429

1.1 개요 ·························································································································429

1.2 용어정의 ···················································································································429

2. 기본계획 ··············································································································432

2.1 목적 ·························································································································432

2.2 도로계획 ···················································································································432

2.2.1 범람의 가능성 있는 도로 용지 ··········································································432

2.2.2 관련기관의 협조 ·································································································433

2.2.3 홍수 피해의 책임 ································································································433

2.3 설계빈도의 결정 ·······································································································434

2.3.1 도로의 등급 ········································································································434

2.3.2 위험성과 경제성 ·································································································435

2.4 배수계획 시 고려사항 ·······························································································435

2.4.1 침식과 침전 ········································································································435

2.4.2 수로 변경과 형태 ································································································437

2.4.3 비탈면에 미치는 물의 영향 ················································································439

2.4.4 기타 유의사항 ·····································································································440

3. 도로의 수리 수문 ································································································442

3.1 강우 ·························································································································442

3.2 강우와 유출 ··············································································································442

3.2.1 개요 ·····················································································································442

3.2.2 증발 ·····················································································································442

3.2.3 차단 ·····················································································································442

3.2.4 저류량 ·················································································································443

3.2.5 침 투 ···················································································································443

4. 배수시설 설계 ·····································································································444

4.1 배수시설의 계획 ·······································································································444

4.2 배수시설의 구분 ·······································································································444

4.2.1 노면 배수시설 ···································································································446

4.2.2 비탈면 배수시설 ·································································································446

제2권 토공 및 배수

xiv

4.2.3 측도 및 도로 인접지 배수시설 ··········································································447

4.2.4 지하 배수시설 ·····································································································448

4.2.5 횡단 배수시설 ·····································································································449

4.2.6 구조물 배수시설 ·································································································449

4.2.7 도심지 배수시설 ·································································································450

4.3 배수시설의 설계 시 고려 조건 ·················································································451

4.3.1 설계조건 ··············································································································451

4.3.2 시공조건 ··············································································································451

4.3.3 유지관리조건 ·······································································································451

5. 조 사 ················································································································452

5.1 일반사항 ···················································································································452

5.2 일반특성 조사 ··········································································································453

5.2.1 유역 특성인자 조사 ····························································································453

5.2.2 유역 형상 조사 ···································································································454

5.2.3 지형 및 지질조사 ································································································454

5.2.4 토양 및 토질조사 ································································································455

5.2.5 수계조사 ··············································································································455

5.3 토지 이용 및 시설물 조사 ························································································455

5.3.1 토지 이용 조사 ···································································································455

5.3.2 주요 시설물 조사 ································································································456

5.4 기존 자료 조사 ········································································································456

5.4.1 기상자료 조사 ·····································································································456

5.4.2 수문자료 조사 ·····································································································456

5.4.3 인문자료 조사 ·····································································································457

5.4.4 기타 자료 조사 ···································································································457

5.5 지하수 조사 ··············································································································458

5.6 수문 조사 ·················································································································460

5.6.1 배수 유역 ············································································································460

5.6.2 하천의 특성 ········································································································461

5.6.3 범람원 ·················································································································462

6. 배수시설기준 ·······································································································463

6.1 설계빈도 ···················································································································463

6.2 설계강우강도 ············································································································464

목 차

xv

6.3 설계홍수량 ················································································································471

6.3.1 합리식(rational method) ··················································································472

6.3.2 단위유량도법 ·······································································································473

6.3.3 합성단위유량도법 ································································································473

6.4 유속 및 경사 ············································································································474

6.5 소요 통수단면 ··········································································································479

6.6 지하배수시설 기준 ····································································································480

6.6.1 투수 ·····················································································································480

6.6.2 맹암거의 수리 ·····································································································482

6.6.3 지하배수관의 유속과 경사 ··················································································484

7. 노면배수시설 ·······································································································485

7.1 일반사항 ···················································································································485

7.2 노면배수 설계의 기본사항 ························································································486

7.3 측구의 종류와 적용 ··································································································487

7.4 흙쌓기 구간의 길어깨 배수 ······················································································492

7.5 땅깎기 구간의 길어깨 배수 ······················································································499

7.6 중앙분리대 배수시설 ································································································503

7.7 연속배수시설 ············································································································507

8. 비탈면 배수시설 ··································································································508

8.1 일반사항 ···················································································································508

8.2 비탈면 배수의 계획 ··································································································508

8.2.1 땅깎기 비탈면 배수의 계획 ················································································508

8.2.2 흙쌓기 비탈면 배수의 계획 ················································································509

8.3 비탈면 배수시설의 설계 ···························································································510

8.3.1 산마루 및 비탈면 끝 배수 ·················································································510

8.3.2 도수로 ·················································································································514

8.3.3 소단 배수 ············································································································516

8.3.4 비탈면 용수 등의 처리 ·······················································································517

8.4 배수구조물 접합부 처리 ···························································································520

9. 측도 및 도로 인접지 배수시설 ············································································522

제2권 토공 및 배수

xvi

9.1 일반사항 ·················································································································522

9.2 측도 배수시설 ··········································································································522

9.3 도로 인접지 배수시설 ·······························································································522

10. 지하배수시설 ·····································································································524

10.1 일반사항 ···············································································································524

10.2 지하배수의 수리계산 ······························································································524

10.3 땅깎기부 지하배수의 설계 ······················································································528

10.4 지하배수구의 깊이 ··································································································528

10.5 지하배수구의 구조 ··································································································528

10.6 길어깨의 지하배수구 ······························································································531

10.7 횡단지하배수구 ·······································································································535

10.8 차단배수층 ·············································································································536

10.9 토목섬유를 사용한 포장 배수 ·················································································536

10.10 중앙분리대 지하배수시설의 설계 ··········································································537

11. 횡단 배수시설 ···································································································540

11.1 일반사항 ·················································································································540

11.2 횡단 배수시설 내 흐름의 분류 ···············································································540

11.3 횡단 배수시설 내 흐름의 수리 특성 ······································································541

11.3.1 횡단 배수시설의 흐름 유형 ··············································································541

11.3.2 횡단 배수시설 내 흐름의 수리특성 ·································································549

11.4 횡단 배수시설의 수리 설계 ····················································································552

11.4.1 용어의 정의 ······································································································553

11.4.2 도표를 이용한 반복시산에 의한 방법 ······························································555

11.4.3 도식에 의한 방법 ·····························································································557

11.4.4 유송잡물 및 토사 퇴적을 고려한 수리 계산 ···················································561

11.5 횡단 배수시설 설계 ································································································575

11.6 횡단 배수시설의 설치 ····························································································576

11.7 횡단 배수시설의 수리 설계 시 고려사항 ································································578

목 차

xvii

12. 기타 배수시설 ···································································································583

12.1 일반사항 ·················································································································583

12.2 사방시설 ·················································································································583

12.3 차수시설 ·················································································································584

12.4 호안시설 ·················································································································585

12.5 유송잡물 처리시설 ··································································································590

13. 환경친화적 배수시설 ·························································································593

13.1 비점오염원 처리시설 ······························································································593

13.2 환경친화적 하천 이설 ····························································································594

13.2.1 환경친화적 하천 이설 개요 ··············································································594

13.2.2 자연형 하천공사 방안 ······················································································596

참고 문헌 ·················································································································599

부록 ·························································································································601

1. 노면배수 계산 예 ·······································································································602

1.1 다이크 집수거 설치간격 계산 ···············································································602

1.2 L형 측구 집수정 설치간격 계산 ············································································610

1.3 중앙분리대 집수정 설치간격 계산 ·······································································617

2. 강우강도-지속기간-빈도곡선(Intensity Duration frequency) ··································624

제7편 암거

1. 개요 ····················································································································663

1.1 적용범위 ···················································································································664

1.1.1 일반사항 ··············································································································664

1.1.2 설계조건 ··············································································································664

1.1.3 구조세목에 의한 적용범위 ··················································································666

2. 암거의 계획 ·········································································································667

제2권 토공 및 배수

xviii

2.1 평면 형상 ·················································································································667

2.2 내공 단면 ·················································································································667

2.3 암거의 형식 선정 ·····································································································669

3. 박스형 암거 ·········································································································670

3.1 형 상 ························································································································670

3.1.1 평면 형상 ············································································································670

3.1.2 단면계획 ··············································································································670

3.2 하 중 ························································································································671

3.2.1 고정하중(DC) ······································································································671

3.2.2 토피하중(EV) ·······································································································672

3.2.3 활하중 ·················································································································673

3.2.4 수평토압 ··············································································································675

3.2.5 수압 ·····················································································································676

3.2.6 지진하중 ··············································································································676

3.2.7 기초지지력 ··········································································································677

3.2.8 지반반력계수 ·······································································································677

3.3 하중계수, 하중조합 및 재료계수 ··············································································679

3.3.1 하중계수 및 하중조합 ·························································································679

3.3.2 재료계수 ··············································································································680

3.4 극한한계상태 검토 ····································································································680

3.4.1 부재단면력 계산 ·································································································680

3.4.2 부재의 최소두께 ·································································································681

3.4.3 부재의 유효높이 ·································································································681

3.4.4 단절점부 보강 ·····································································································682

3.5 사용한계상태 검토 ····································································································682

3.5.1 처짐 ·····················································································································682

3.5.2 균열 ·····················································································································682

3.6 사각을 이루는 암거 ··································································································682

3.6.1 형 상 ···················································································································682

3.6.2 설계 계산 ············································································································683

3.7 종방향 검토 ··············································································································684

3.8 구조세목 ···················································································································684

3.8.1 피복두께 ··············································································································684

목 차

xix

3.8.2 철근의 정착 및 이음 ··························································································685

3.8.3 우각부 ·················································································································685

3.8.4 암거 사각부의 보강 ····························································································685

3.8.5 최소철근비와 철근상세 ·······················································································686

3.8.6 신축이음 ··············································································································687

3.8.7 헌 치 ···················································································································690

3.8.8 가드레일용 지주의 구조 ·····················································································690

3.9 날개벽의 설계 ··········································································································691

3.9.1 날개벽의 설계 ·····································································································691

3.9.2 평행날개벽의 계산 ······························································································693

3.9.3 배근 및 단면응력 검토 ·······················································································702

3.10 기 초 ····················································································································703

3.11 기타 암거 설계에 관한 주의사항 ············································································705

3.11.1 암거의 뒤채움 및 배수 ·····················································································705

3.11.2 암거 내 도로 ····································································································706

3.11.3 수로가 있는 암거 ·····························································································706

3.11.4 연약지반 위의 암거 설치 방법 ········································································707

4. 아치형 암거 ·········································································································711

4.1 형상 ·························································································································711

4.2 단면력 계산 ··············································································································712

5. 문형 암거 ············································································································714

5.1 형 상 ························································································································714

5.2 하 중 ························································································································714

5.3 기 초 ························································································································715

5.3.1 기초 설계 ············································································································715

5.3.2 스트러트 ··············································································································715

6. 관형 암거 ············································································································718

6.1 적 용 ························································································································718

6.2 철근 콘크리트 관형 암거 ·························································································719

6.2.1 종 류 ···················································································································719

6.2.2 매설 상태 및 기초 형식 ·····················································································721

6.2.3 관형 암거의 설계 ································································································724

제2권 토공 및 배수

xx

6.3 관형 암거의 설계, 시공 상의 주의사항 ····································································730

7. U형 옹벽 ············································································································731